Blood Pressure Chart — What Do the Numbers Mean?
Learn how to read a blood pressure chart and understand what your systolic and diastolic values reveal about your heart health, using the ESC/ESH and AHA classification guidelines.
Quick Blood Pressure Check
Enter your systolic (upper) and diastolic (lower) values to see which guideline category your reading falls into.
Check your reading
Blood Pressure Categories
Blood pressure readings fall into categories based on ESC/ESH and AHA guidelines. Reference ranges below help you interpret where a reading sits.
| Category | Systolic (mmHg) | Diastolic (mmHg) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hypotension (Low) | Below 90 | and/or | Below 60 |
| Optimal | Below 120 | and | Below 80 |
| Normal | 120–129 | and | 80–84 |
| High Normal | 130–139 | or | 85–89 |
| Hypertension Stage 1 | 140–159 | or | 90–99 |
| Hypertension Stage 2 | 160–179 | or | 100–109 |
| Hypertension Stage 3 | 180 or higher | or | 110 or higher |
Terminology note: this chart uses "High Normal" while some site navigation labels the same range as "Elevated Blood Pressure."
Understanding the Numbers
Systolic (the upper number) measures the pressure in your arteries when your heart beats. Diastolic (the lower number) measures the pressure between beats, when your heart rests.
Both numbers matter. A reading is classified by whichever value falls into the higher category. If your systolic and diastolic fall into different ranges, the higher category applies.
Factors that can influence blood pressure include age, physical activity, stress, diet, sleep quality, and time of day. Tracking readings over time gives a clearer picture than any single measurement.
Factors That Affect Blood Pressure
Many elements influence blood pressure levels. Common factors referenced on this site include:
- Age
- Gender
- Family history
- Physical inactivity
- Race / ethnicity
- Alcohol consumption
- Obesity
- Smoking
- Unhealthy diet
Tips for Healthy Blood Pressure
- Measure at consistent times, resting for several minutes before each reading.
- Use a validated monitor and follow proper cuff placement.
- Track readings over time with a log sheet or the BPExp app for iPhone and Android.
- Maintain a balanced diet, regular activity, and healthy sleep habits.
Explore related guides: Measuring Blood Pressure, How to Lower Blood Pressure, Risk Factors, and Stage 3 Hypertension.
Information on this page is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice.